Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary - espalier

 I. noun  Etymology: French, ultimately from Italian spalla shoulder, from Late Latin spatula shoulder blade — more at epaulet  Date: 1662  1. a plant (as a fruit tree) trained to grow flat against a support (as a wall)  2. a railing or trellis on which fruit trees or shrubs are trained to grow flat  II. transitive verb  Date: 1810  1. to train as an ~  2. to furnish with an ~